JNA

chemical property- a characteristic that gives a substance the ability to go through a change that results in a new substance physical property- anything that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance homogeneous- composed of parts or elements that are all if the same kind heterogeneous- composed of parts of different kinds suspension- the state in which the particles of a substance are mixed with a fluid but are undissolved solution- the process by which a gas, liquid, or solid is dispersed homogeneously in a gas, liquid, or solid without chemical change density- a physical property of matter filtrate- a liquid or gas that has been filtered atom- the smallest quantity of an element that can take part in a chemical reaction element- one of the fundamental or irreducible components making up a whole molecule- the simplest unit of a chemical compound that can exist; consists of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds compound- a substance that contains atoms of two or more chemical elements held together by chemical bonds physical change- a change from one state (solid or liquid or gas) to another without a change in chemical composition chemical change- any process determined by the atomic and molecular composition and structure of the substances involved

Analysis: The original sample of the water had oil in it, you could tell because there was a layer of it at the top of the bottle and oil is less dense than water and other liquids. The liquid was a dirty brown color and had small black particles. It was a heterogeneous mixture until we cleaned the water out and then the liquid was a homogeneous. To receive the filtrate, we had to pass it through gravel and sand. This process took out the small black particles from the liquid. The dirty solution went through physical changes to become clean. The physical properties of this water was dirty in the beginning. Then after applying the charcoal its physical property was black.Once we cleaned it out it looked clean and clear. In the second step when we used the gravel and sand and put it into the cup, the solution, water, had passed through the filtration system. after that the we measured the solution that was separated from the dirt and other particles in the solution. After that we separated the oil and grease on the top layer. To take out the oil and grease on the top layer we used pipets. Then we had mixed a compound, charcoal, in the solution and then the the water came out clear form the filter paper that was in the funnel. First we removed the oil from the solution. Then we put the solution in a cup with tiny holes and the cup was filled with sand and gravel. That cleaned out all of the small black particles in the solution. Then we put charcoal in the solution and put the solution in a funnel with filter paper and the water came out clean. We used charcoal because is good at trapping other carbon-based impurities and it also attracts any chemical in the solution. Calculations: <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 80%;">Percent yield after oil-water separation: 181 mL / 225 mL * 100 = %80.4  <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 80%;">Percent yield after sand-gravel filtration: 158 mL / 181 mL * 100 = %87.3  <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 80%;">(We are missing the rest of our water so the rest would be inaccurate.)