JKA


 * Chemical Property:** a property or characteristic of a substance that is observed during a reaction in which the chemical composition or identity of the substance is changed.
 * Physical Property:** any property that is measurable who's value describes a physical system state. The changes in the physical properties of a system can be used to describe its transformations.
 * Homogeneous:** of the similar or same kind of nature.
 * Heterogeneous:** the opposite of homogeneous.
 * S****uspension**: the state in which the particles of a substance are mixed with a fluid, but are un-desolved.
 * Solution:** the process by which a gas, liquid, or solid is dispersed homogeneously and a gas, liquid, or solid without chemical change.
 * Density:** closely set or crowded conditions.
 * Filtrate:** liquid that has passed through a filter
 * Atom:** the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element consisting the nucleus, neutrons, protons, and electrons.
 * Element**: one of a class of substances that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means.
 * Molecule:** the smallest physical unit of an element or compound.
 * Compound:** a pure substance composed of two or more elements who's composition is constant.
 * Physical Change:** a usually reversible change in the physical properties of the substance, as size or shape.
 * Chemical Change:** a usually irreversible chemical reaction involving the rearrangements of the atoms of one or more substances and a change in their chemical properties or composition, resulting in the formation of at least one new substance.

Before the treatment the water had a strong garlic scent, oil on top, black specks on the bottom, and a light caramel color. After oil-seperation, the volume decreased and the top layer of oil was no gone. The water became slightly cleaner after the oil has been removed. After sand filtration, the volume decreased again (154mL) and the bad smell is very noticeable. The color of the water is the color of pee. During and after the charcoal adsorption, the water was a **suspension**, looking pure black and on top of the water were light grey, circular specks. The clean water at the end was a **filtrate,** because there was little remaining particles. The whole lab was an example of how water can go from disgusting to clean while being a **solution.**

The oil-seperation absorbstion on process was clearly supposed to help us remove the oil from atop the water. The sand filtration process was designed to help remove all the non-liquids inside the water. The charcoal process helped us completely purify the water because the charcoal absorbed all of the dirtiness. Throughout all of these processes the water went through **chemical and physical changes.** The **density** of the water changed throughout all of the steps.

Oil-Water Separation Step: 1 Sand-Gravel Filtration Step: 2

170 150 __= 73.9%__ = 88.24% 230 170

The charcoal absorption process was the most efficient because we didn't lose any water while doing so. It also took the least amount of time because all we had to do was pour and stir the charcoal in the water. This process only took about two minutes to complete. Looking back on our calculations, we saw that that sand-gravel filtration step was the second-most efficient. We only lost 11.8% of our water, and it was not a time-consuming task at all. The materials used were very efficient in the fact that they worked very well. This took a maximum time of five minutes. The oil-water separation process was a hassle. It took the longest to complete, and we ended up losing 26.1% of our water, however most of that was the oil. The materials that we used could only take out a little bit of oil every time we used them. I would estimate that this process took over half of the time in the lab.