TO

Chemical property- a property or characteristic of a substance that is observed during a reaction in which the chemical composition or identity of the substance is changed: //Combustibility is an important chemical property to consider when choosing building materials.// Physical property- property any property used to characterize matter and energy and their interactions Homogeneous- of the same kind or nature; essentially alike. Heterogeneous- different in kind; unlike; Suspension- When the solution doesn't get desolved Solution- When the mixture does get desvoled Density- How much a substance weighs. Filtrate- A filtrate is the liquid that is left after you filter something -- the liquid that is now "missing" the solid that was filtered out. Atom-An atom is the defining structure of an element, which cannot be broken by any chemical means. A typical atom consists of a nucleus of protons and neutrons with electrons circling this nucleus. Element- An element is the simplest form of matter in that it cannot be further broken down using any chemical means. Molecule-A molecule refers to two or more atoms which have chemically combined to form a single species. Compound- A compound is a pure chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical elements that can be separated into simpler substances by chemical reactions Physical change-A physical change is a type of change in which the form of matter is altered but one substance is not transformed into another. Chemical change-Chemical changes take place on the molecular level. A chemical change produces a new substance

Analysis:


 * description of original sample of water and of the sample after each step of purification
 * identification of impurity removed with each step of purification
 * discussion as to the efficiency of each step of purification (refer to both observations and calculations

In Chemistry lab this week, we did the Foul Water Purification Lab. In the beginning of the lab, we got a **heterogeneous** mixture and were told to make that mixture into a **homogeneous** mixture. There were many different **compounds** in the water bottle of un-purified water, for example, we observed that the water had a horrible smell, and the there were brown specks in the water as well as the water/oil ratio. The water had a high **density,** the oil is less dense then the water making the oil rise to the top of the suspension**.** We first took a pipette and took all the oil from the top of the mixture, and separated the oil from the water. There was a **physical change** in the water before we did this. The **solution** was made up of many **molecules** that had not yet been **filtrated**. After the oil water separation, the water was more yellow, and less cloudy, but still smelled, the volume of the water was 207 mL we started off with 230 mL of water. Before the water was filtered, there were many **atoms** in the water. There was a **chemical change** in the water, that we couldn't see. At the end of the lab, there was a **physical change** in the water. H2O is an **element** on the periodic table and we believe that there were more elements that ate on the periodic table then just H20. In this lab we did not experience a **suspension,**this is because all of the bad solution was dissolved. In the beginning of the lab we had 230 mL of water, after the oil water separation we had 207 mL's of water. We lost .9% of our water in the first step, we shouldn't have lost any amount of water between this step. During the second step we only had 175 mL's of water, this means that we lost .845% of water. I don't think that we should have lost this much water in this step. For this step we poured the water mixture into a sand mixture with sand and rocks to purify the water before taking out the charcoal. For the last step which was the charcoal filtration, we poured the water into a funnel with filtration paper in it to separate the water from the charcoal. After this step we ended up with 99 mL's of water left in the cup. This means that we lost 47.8% of our water through the process of this step. This was a great lab to show us how to purify water and how long it takes to do so. In a charcoal filter the charcoal molecules absorbed the carbon based impurities in the water. Then when we filtered out the charcoal the impurities were filtered out of the water. The charcoal molecules excel in removing organic and carbon based material from water.

230/207 = .9 .9 x 100 = 90 mL

175/207 = .845 .845 x 100 = 84.5

99/207 = .478 .478 x 100 = 47.8