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Kenize and Sydney Definitions

Chemical property - a property used to characterize materials in reactions that change their identity

Physical property - any property used to characterize matter and energy and their interactions

Homogeneous - Of the same kind; alike

Heterogeneous - Diverse in character or content

Suspension - The action of suspending someone or something or the condition of being suspended, in particular

Solution - A means of solving a problem or dealing with a difficult situation

Density - The degree of compactness of a substance

Filtrate - A liquid that has passed through a filter

Atom - The basic unit of a chemical element

Element - A part or aspect of something abstract, esp. one that is essential or characteristic

Molecule - A group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction

Compound - Made up or consisting of several parts or elements, in particular

Physical change - phase change: a change from one state (solid or liquid or gas) to another without a change in chemical composition

Chemical change - chemical process: (chemistry) any process determined by the atomic and molecular composition and structure of the substances involved

identification of impurity removed with each step of purification - based on your observations and on what you found each material is //supposed// to remove Analysis; === Before filtering the water it was brown and as each step went by the water got more and more clear. When we took the oil out the substance lost a layer. The water was less dense then the oil because it was on the bottom while the oil floated on the top. Their was a physical change because after we filtered it through the sand and gravel it turned to a yellow looking water. After the charcoal was poured into it it turned completely black, but after putting filter paper in the funnel and letting the black water drip through the filtrate came out perfectly clear, like bottled water. ===

== Before the oil separation the water was brown, very foggy, and had pepper floating at the top. After the oil separation the water became easier to see through and turned more of a yellow color. There was an element in the water which was oxygen. The first step took out the oil. Then the second step was the sand filtration. this step is supposed to separate solids from fluids and collect the filtered water, and a flow regulator to control the filtration rate. After the sand filtration the water looked clearer, it got even lighter, and there was no more pepper in it. The third step was to put the charcoal powder into your sample.this step absorbed toxic gases, liquid toxic wastes, germs, and heavy metals. This makes sense because the charcoal was floating to the top and the water turned black. The Fourth step was the Filtration. This step is supposed to take out purities from an organic solution or to isolate an organic solid. It was a chemical property and worked because the water got thinner and clearer. There was no charcoal but it took a very long time to filter. By the end of the lab the water became homogenous because when we were done the water was clean and clear, but in the beginning of the lab the water sample was heterogenous because their was pepper at the top and oil and water were separated.==

==I w**ould consider this experiment very efficient because with each step the water got clearer. It started off many shades of brown then it became just a tinted yellow color and after pouring the charcoal powder into the water and filtering it it became crystal clear. After oil separation the volume of the water was 190ML and was more watery then before this proves that this step was efficient. After sand filtration the volume was 168 ML and the color got even lighter this proves that this step was efficient. o****ur yield was 88.4 but we lost about 12%. This isn't that bad but our water cam out cleaner then before.** **Finally after Charcoal absorption filtration the volume of the water was 119 ML and the water was extremely clear also proving that this step was very sufficient. our yield 70.85 and we lost about 21%. Again this is a large amount oYou can judge weather the step was sufficient or not by how much water was lost. If every step you lost a good amount of water then thats how you know it worked!**==